Why HPP Is Key to Raw Pet Food Safety

“We believe that HPP allows us to create safe raw pet food as part of a multifaceted component without breaking that protein bond. It also retains a lot of the heat-sensitive bioactive compounds that are so important for palatability,” said Harris. 

HPP and food safety 

Harris detailed how he wanted Instinct to serve as an example for the rest of the industry regarding raw pet food and food safety with a “multi-hurdle” HPP testing approach, so the company partnered with the University of Nebraska and the Illinois Institute of Technology to carry out those tests. The ultimate goal in the future, said Harris, is for Instinct’s raw pet food to be recognized by the USDA, APHIS, and the FDA. It is already certified SQF for food safety and quality by the Safe Quality Food Institute.

"Some of our biggest naysayers are veterinarians, who will readily admit they don’t learn a lot about nutritional benefits in veterinary school, and not a lot about food safety," said Instinct COO Bobby Harris during his presentation to the Cold Pressure Council in Chicago.Michael Costa

“We know we have competitors out there that choose not to HPP certain proteins, and we think that’s a mistake,” noted Harris. “We think given enough time with enough product in the marketplace, [those companies] are putting themselves at risk. And quite frankly, they’re putting the category at risk.” 

Part of Instinct’s strategy includes avoiding a one-size-fits-all HPP test for pathogens, and instead measure how each type of meat used—rabbit, beef, salmon, venison, lamb, and others—reacts individually to HPP from a time, pressure, and temperature standpoint. 

“You need to understand what the individual components are for your particular [raw pet food] formulas,” explained Harris. “This lets you determine an HPP SOP (standard operating procedure) for your products. If you try to cut and paste somebody else’s formulas, you may be creating a disadvantage for your customers, and perhaps your company. Not all meats respond the same to HPP pressure. There’s a max pressure that most HPP manufacturers would recommend, but within that pressure, find what’s right for your company.” 

Harris used beef as one example of Instinct’s multi-hurdle approach to HPP testing, noting they used two different lots with six different strains of Salmonella. “We had a very encouraging outcome, and with the combined time, pressure, and temperature we used, we were able to achieve a greater than five-log reduction,” he said, adding that the tests showed HPP is also very good at reducing or completely mitigating viruses, yeasts and molds. 

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“Our studies that we’ve done in combination with the universities indicated no destruction of key nutrients and meet the criteria of being a full-meal component via ethical standards and palatability,” said Harris. “We found through work with the University of Nebraska that grind size matters, the fat content within your formula matters, and the bone particles matter—they all play a role in developing a unique formulation for your brand.” 

Safe suppliers

Instinct and its direct competitors in the raw pet food category aim to create premium-priced products, and therefore rely on suppliers with high-quality ingredients.   

“It’s really important that you go as far up the supply chain as you possibly can in your selection,” advised Harris. “All chicken suppliers are not the same, for example. Our food safety team, in conjunction with our production and our R&D team do a terrific job of vetting out partners we can trust. And then we go back during certain cycles and validate that they’re still doing the best practices we agreed upon.”

Part of Instinct's food safety strategy is to source high-quality ingredients from approved suppliers that meet the company's food safety standards, making it more likely the finished product will pass pathogen tests.Instinct Pet FoodHarris said to be selected as an Instinct supplier means a supplier’s “knockdown methods” for reducing total bacterial microbial load in their ingredients must meet Instinct’s standards. This includes Instinct regularly reviewing supplier trend charts for pathogens and overall freshness of product. “These are all components of whether we’ll accept somebody as a new supplier, no matter what their price point is,” he said. “These are things we do on the front end to give ourselves the best fighting chance of having a successful pathogen test at the very end.” 

Speaking of the end-result, Harris mentioned that Instinct’s raw pet food products have been tested not once, but multiple times for pathogens before they’re released to the marketplace, and that those are extra, sometimes pricey steps that all manufacturers in the raw pet food industry should take if the segment is to grow and succeed in the future.     

“There are people in our category that choose not to do any real pathogen mitigation steps, and we think that’s irresponsible,” Harris explained. “If everyone in our category were to have a similar approach [as Instinct] we think some of the stigma that comes with raw pet food would be quickly erased, because we know some of our biggest naysayers are veterinarians, who will readily admit they don’t learn a lot about nutritional benefits in veterinary school, and not a lot about food safety.”